PhD Researcher · Melbourne, Australia

Nirodya
Pussadeniya

I build multi-agent reinforcement learning systems that coordinate under pressure — and that can explain themselves to the people depending on them.

My PhD builds hierarchical MARL for human–AI teaming in emergency response, at Deakin and Coventry. Before it, four years shipping production LLM pipelines and agent frameworks in industry — the research and the engineering keep each other honest.

Portrait of Nirodya Pussadeniya
Doctorate
Deakin & Coventry cotutelle, 2025–28
Focus
Hierarchical MARL & human–AI teaming
Recognition
4 awards APICTA · NBQSA · Best Paper
Industry
4+ years LLM & agent systems

Multi-agent reinforcement learning that people can actually work with.

Doctoral thesis

Adaptive Human–AI Collaboration for Emergency Response

Deakin University, School of Information Technology · Coventry University, Centre for Postdigital Cultures — cotutelle PhD, 2025–2028

Supervisors: Dr Bahareh Nakisa, Prof Xiao Liu, A/Prof Robert Faggian, Dr Safaa Sindi, Prof Stewart Birrell

Emergency environments change faster than human operators can replan. A wind shift can rotate an active fire front ninety degrees in minutes; ember attacks open new ignition points kilometres ahead of the front. Autonomous drone teams can absorb some of that load — but most multi-agent systems optimise mission metrics while ignoring the operator's cognitive state, and end up adding work rather than removing it.

So the question driving my PhD is this: how can an adaptive hierarchical multi-agent system dynamically allocate tasks, reason about human mental states, and balance individual against team-level objectives, in order to reduce operator cognitive overload in high-stakes response? Answering it means putting reinforcement learning, Theory of Mind modelling and human factors research into one framework, and then testing it with real operators in the loop.

I'm early in this — two papers published, the ASTRA framework implemented and benchmarked, and the simulation platform well underway. The work ahead is aimed at AAAI, AAMAS and ICML.

  1. 01

    ASTRA — hierarchical multi-agent RL

    An Asynchronous Skill Transition and Reallocation Architecture. A high-level coordinator assigns a shared team skill alongside per-agent skills while low-level policies execute primitives, with event-driven skill termination, dynamic reallocation, transition-based skill discovery and asynchronous credit assignment — so agents coordinate while running on independent temporal horizons. Implemented and evaluated on Google Research Football, Overcooked-AI and the StarCraft Multi-Agent Challenge.

  2. 02

    Controlled selfish behaviour

    Cooperative MARL usually penalises individual deviation as a coordination failure. But operational doctrine says local field intelligence sometimes justifies it. I'm learning a state-conditioned policy for when an agent should override team objectives to answer a locally critical event — and how that deviation gets communicated back and reconciled with the team.

  3. 03

    Theory of Mind for adaptive autonomy

    Estimating operator workload, trust and intent from multimodal behavioural signals — intervention frequency, decision latency, reliance patterns, and where feasible physiological measures — so the system can tune its own level of autonomy to the operator's current cognitive capacity instead of a level fixed at design time.

  4. 04

    Language models as the reasoning layer

    Knowledge graphs and LLMs sitting over agent state: structured knowledge to keep agent reasoning inspectable rather than merely scored, and natural language to make an agent's intent legible to the operator it is working with. This line runs back through my CARA and Affective-CARA work.

  5. 05

    High-fidelity simulation testbed

    A drone-based bushfire response environment built in Unreal Engine 5 — simulation architecture, operator and administrator interfaces, communication middleware and scenario management — giving reproducible human-in-the-loop experiments that measure NASA-TLX workload, trust, SAGAT situation awareness and mission outcomes side by side.

  1. arXiv preprint

    Affective‑CARA: A Knowledge Graph Driven Framework for Culturally Adaptive Emotional Intelligence in HCI

    Nirodya Pussadeniya, Bahareh Nakisa, Mohammad Naim Rastgoo

    A knowledge-graph-driven agentic framework that combines cultural emotion knowledge, valence–arousal–dominance annotations and reinforcement learning to produce emotionally sensitive, culturally adaptive responses — cutting cultural representation bias by 61% and improving sentiment alignment over baseline models.

  2. ICAC 2024 · IEEEBest Paper Award

    CARA: A Hybrid Framework Integrating Swarm AI Agents and Knowledge Graphs for Advanced LLM Reasoning

    Nirodya Pussadeniya, Ruchira Wijesinghe, Udaya Wijenayake, Bhagya Silva

    Presented at the 6th International Conference on Advancements in Computing. A framework for strengthening the structured reasoning of large language models through agentic workflows, reaching state-of-the-art results on reasoning tasks.

Four further papers are planned from the PhD — the ASTRA framework, controlled selfish behaviour, Theory of Mind based adaptive autonomy, and the integrated human-in-the-loop evaluation — targeting AAAI, AAMAS, ICML and JAIR. The current list is on Google Scholar.

Work that has been recognised.

Nirodya Pussadeniya receiving the First Runner-Up award for FootEdge Pro at the Asia Pacific ICT Alliance Awards 2024 in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
Asia Pacific ICT Alliance Awards 2024 — Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
  1. Asia Pacific ICT Alliance Awards — First Runner-Up

    Tertiary Student Projects: Solutions · Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam

    Regional recognition across the Asia Pacific for FootEdge Pro, an AI-powered soccer performance analysis tool automating event detection, player tracking and advanced match analytics.

  2. National ICT Awards (NBQSA) — Silver

    Tertiary Category · Sri Lanka

    National recognition for innovation and technical development in sports analytics, and the qualifying route to APICTA.

  3. Best Paper Award — ICAC 2024

    6th International Conference on Advancements in Computing

    For CARA, on the contribution of swarm agentic workflows and knowledge graphs to large language model reasoning.

  4. Best Employability Skills Achiever — 2nd Runner-Up

    Faculty of Engineering, University of Sri Jayewardenepura

    Recognising employability, leadership and technical ability across the graduating engineering cohort.

Earlier: finalist at TadHack Sri Lanka 2022 as team lead, top three at INTELLIHACK Master, Most Popular Idea at INTELLIHACK 2, and finalist at CS‑INSL 2022.

Research

  1. Monash University

    Department of Data Science & Artificial Intelligence · Research Assistant

    Designing a causal trust model for multi-agent reinforcement learning environments, pairing a discriminative teacher–oracle trust signal with a learned concept bottleneck. Building a neuro-symbolic concept layer and a causal trust graph so estimates generalise past a single teacher's behaviour, plus a domain adapter that carries the model across environment layouts.

    Python · PyTorch · Causal inference · Symbolic reasoning · Multi-agent RL

Industry

  1. Synacal

    Machine Learning Engineer · Sri Lanka

    Architected and deployed RAG pipelines on LangChain, LlamaIndex, Pinecone and AWS, powering knowledge-management and chatbot ecosystems with 40% faster response accuracy. Engineered agent frameworks in AutoGen, CrewAI and LangGraph that removed over 60% of manual intervention, and built Markaive — a multi-agent platform that accelerated market research and content generation threefold.

    LangChain · LlamaIndex · AutoGen · CrewAI · LangGraph · FastAPI · AWS · PostgreSQL

  2. Velaris

    AI Engineer · Sri Lanka

    Built transcript-analysis and note-generation modules on transformer summarisation and topic modelling, and optimised Fact Factory — an event summarisation engine running over millions of customer interaction records — to sub-second latency. Integrated LLM pipelines across multi-tenant systems using asynchronous microservices.

    PyTorch · BERT · LDA · FastAPI · AWS · MongoDB · Hugging Face

  3. ASCII Corporations

    Machine Learning Engineer, contract · Sri Lanka

    Automated marketing report generation with AI agents, lifting campaign efficiency and ROI, and deployed NLP models for data-driven marketing strategy on LLaMA 3 and Groq.

    AutoGen · CrewAI · LangGraph · LLaMA 3 · Groq

  4. Kainovation Technologies

    Associate Machine Learning Engineer · Sri Lanka

    Engineered InsurePULSE, an AI system for insurers spanning backend ETLs, report generation and cloud deployment. Built Docufy, a document query tool for HR firms on LangChain and Elasticsearch, a sensitive-data filtering layer for enterprise chat systems, and ML models across finance and medical domains.

    FastAPI · Azure · PostgreSQL · Elasticsearch · Kafka · React

  5. EchonLabs

    AI Engineering Intern · Sri Lanka

    Built information extraction and verification models for national identity documents, contributed predictive models to AI‑CORE, and co-authored a research paper on AI-driven ID card verification.

Education

  1. Deakin University & Coventry University

    PhD, cotutelle — Information Technology · Melbourne & Coventry

  2. University of Sri Jayewardenepura

    BSc Engineering, Honours · Colombo

Domains

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning · Hierarchical RL · Human–AI Teaming · Theory of Mind Modelling · Multimodal Learning · Large Language Models · Knowledge Graphs · Explainable & Trust-Aware AI

Environments & simulation

Unreal Engine 5 · StarCraft Multi-Agent Challenge · Google Research Football · Overcooked-AI · PettingZoo · Gymnasium · RLlib · Ray

Tools

Python · PyTorch · TensorFlow · FastAPI · LangChain · LlamaIndex · AutoGen · CrewAI · LangGraph · Hugging Face · vLLM · DeepSpeed · LoRA / PEFT · Weights & Biases · MLflow · Pinecone · Qdrant · FAISS · AWS · Docker · Kubernetes · PostgreSQL · MongoDB · Redis

I speak often about agentic systems, reasoning, and what actually survives contact with production.

Nirodya Pussadeniya delivering the Future is Agentic keynote at Google I/O Extended, GDG Sri Lanka
“Future is Agentic” — Google I/O Extended, GDG Sri Lanka

Talks

  1. What Data Taught Us Keynote

    CENSOC — University of Sri Jayewardenepura

  2. Bridging Academic AI Research to Real-World Applications

    University to Industry Orientation — Faculty of Engineering, USJ

  3. Agentic Reasoning Using GraphRAG with Neo4j and Vertex AI

    Build with AI — GDG Sri Lanka

  4. Reasoning Capabilities of Agentic Systems

    Global AI Bootcamp — Colombo

  5. AI Agents as Neuro-Symbolic Systems

    MLOps Community — Sri Lanka

  6. Future is Agentic Keynote

    Google I/O Extended — GDG Sri Lanka

  7. Can LLMs Really Reason?

    Global AI Bootcamp — Colombo

Community

  1. Co-Chapter Lead

    Omdena Sri Lanka Chapter — led AI-driven community projects

  2. IT Manager

    SEDS Sri Lanka — Aeronautical Division

Let’s talk.

I’m always glad to hear from people working on multi-agent RL, human–AI teaming, or anything nearby — collaborations, reading groups, benchmark comparisons, or a good argument.

ryanpussadeniya@gmail.com